Who are the Wampanoag? (2024)

This article was written by Nancy Eldredge, Nauset Wampanoag and Penobscot.

The Wampanoag are one of many Nations of people all over North America who were here long before any Europeans arrived, and have survived until today. Many people use the word “Indian” to describe us, but we prefer to be called Native People.

Our name, Wampanoag, means People of the First Light. In the 1600s, we had as many as 40,000 people in the 67 villages that made up the Wampanoag Nation. These villages covered the territory along the east coast as far as Wessagusset (today called Weymouth), all of what is now Cape Cod and the islands of Natocket and Noepe (now called Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard), and southeast as far as Pokanocket (now Bristol and Warren, Rhode Island). We have been living on this part of Turtle Island for over fifteen thousand years.

The Wampanoag, like many other Native People, often refer to the earth as Turtle Island.

Today, about 4,000-5,000 Wampanoag live in New England. There are multiple Wampanoag communities - Aquinnah, Mashpee, Herring Pond, Assonet, Chappaquiddick, Pocasset, and Seaconke - with smaller groups and communities across the United States and world. Recently, we also found some of our relations in the Caribbean islands. These people are descendants of Native Wampanoag People who were sent into slavery after a war between the Wampanoag and English. We, as the People, still continue our way of life through our oral traditions (the telling of our family and Nation's history), ceremonies, the Wampanoag language, song and dance, social gatherings, hunting and fishing.

The Wampanoag Homeland provided bountiful food for fulfillment of all our needs. It was up to the People to keep the balance and respect for all living beings and to receive all the gifts from The Creator. We were seasonal people living in the forest and valleys during winter. During the summer, spring, and fall, we moved to the rivers, ponds, and ocean to plant crops, fish and gather foods from the forests.

Because of many changes in North America, we as the Wampanoag cannot live as our ancestors did. We adapt but still continue to live in the way of the People of the First Light.

Who are the Wampanoag? (2024)

FAQs

Who are the Wampanoag? ›

The Wampanoag Tribe, also known as the People of the First Light, has inhabited present-day Massachusetts and Eastern Rhode Island for more than 12,000 years. They were part of a rich tapestry of indigenous people with a vast variety of tribes, societies and cultures numbering many times over those present today.

What were the Wampanoag known for? ›

The Wampanoag were the first people of Noepe. The ancestors of Wampanoag people have lived for at least 10,000 years at Aquinnah (Gay Head) and throughout the island of Noepe (Martha's Vineyard), pursuing a traditional economy based on fishing and agriculture.

Who were the Wampanoag and what was their relation to the Pilgrims? ›

The Wampanoag people, the “People of the First Light,” are responsible for saving the Pilgrims from starvation and death during the harsh winter of 1620–21.

Are there still Wampanoag people? ›

Today, about 4,000-5,000 Wampanoag live in New England. There are multiple Wampanoag communities - Aquinnah, Mashpee, Herring Pond, Assonet, Chappaquiddick, Pocasset, and Seaconke - with smaller groups and communities across the United States and world.

How did black people become part of the Wampanoag tribe? ›

Many African descended people intermarried and formed kinship ties to Mashpee Wampanoag people.

Where do the Wampanoag live today? ›

Where do they live? Today there are about four to five thousand Wampanoag. Most live in Massachusetts where there are two federally acknowledged tribes, the Aquinnah Wampanoag and the Mashpee Wampanoag, as well as several smaller bands in areas like Herring Pond, Assonet, and Manomet.

What disease killed the Wampanoag? ›

From 1615 to 1619, a leptospirosis epidemic caused by rodent reservoirs from European ships dramatically reduced the population of the Wampanoag and neighboring tribes. Indigenous deaths from the epidemic facilitated the European invasion and colonization of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

What was the friendliest Native American tribe? ›

The Pawnees, classified as a “friendly tribe” by the U.S. Government, were men and women of great courage and endurance. Some of the Pawnee warrior battles fought to preserve lives, lands and possessions were considered legendary.

What race is Wampanoag? ›

The Wampanoag Tribe, also known as the People of the First Light, has inhabited present-day Massachusetts and Eastern Rhode Island for more than 12,000 years. They were part of a rich tapestry of indigenous people with a vast variety of tribes, societies and cultures numbering many times over those present today.

What tribe was Pocahontas from? ›

Born around 1596, Pocahontas was the daughter of Wahunsenaca (also known as Powhatan), the powerful chief of the Powhatans, a Native American group that inhabited the Chesapeake Bay region.

Did the Wampanoag convert to Christianity? ›

Reports tell us Hiacoomes from Chappaquiddick was the first Wampanoag to convert in 1643. Many people have converted, but many others see this religion as the end of our ancient way of life. This has caused much strife and division in our communities.

What color were Native Americans? ›

In general, ancient and contemporary Native Americans were predicted to have intermediate/brown eyes, black hair, and intermediate/darker skin pigmentation.

What tribe of Indians were black? ›

The Seminole people of Florida formed in the 18th century, in what is called ethnogenesis, from Muscogee (Creek) and Florida tribes. They incorporated some Africans who had escaped from slavery. Other maroons formed separate communities near the Seminole, and were allied with them in military actions.

What does a wetu look like? ›

A wetu is the dome- shaped traditional home of the Wampanoag. It is made of cedar saplings set in the ground, bent together, fastened with vines and inner bark rope, and then covered with bark or mats made of reeds. The roof of the wetu has an opening to release smoke from cooking fires below.

What are three Wampanoag facts? ›

The Wampanoag built dome-shaped houses called wetus. Several families lived in each wetu. The Wampanoag hunted and fished. They also grew corn, beans, and squash.

What do the Wampanoag eat? ›

Farmed foods such as corn and beans made up about 70% of the Wampanoag diet. Although the Wampanoag favored meat, meat made up less than 20% of their diet. Roots, berries and other gathered plant materials, as well as eggs, fish, and shellfish (both fresh and dried) made up the rest.

How do I join the Wampanoag tribe? ›

MEMBERSHIP ENROLLMENT

Enrollment in the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah) is based upon our Roll of 1870. Any person who can document their direct lineal descent from a specifically identified Gay Head Wampanoag Indian on the 1870 Census Roll of the Tribe shall be eligible for Membership.

What is valuable to the Wampanoag tribe? ›

CORN, BEANS, AND SQUASH

Traditionally, corn, bean, and squash were important crops usually planted together by the women of the tribe (and for that reason called "the three sisters").

How did the Wampanoag help the colonists? ›

On the orders of their leader, Ousamequin (known to the settlers as Massasoit), the Wampanoags taught the English men and women how to plant crops, where to fish and hunt, and other skills that would prove critical to the new colony's survival.

What did Wampanoag boys do? ›

As children got older, their work became more and more important to the family. Older boys helped their fathers prepare the fields for planting, sow seeds, weed the fields and, in late summer, harvest the crops. Boys also learned to tend livestock, hunt, fish and do any woodworking that the family needed.

What did the Wampanoag do for fun? ›

Blowing bubbles was also a popular pastime for children. Children might even have played with toys like stilts, pinwheels, tops, hoops and marbles. Children weren't the only ones having fun. Adults sometimes played games, sports or danced as part of celebrations, like weddings and harvest celebrations.

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